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Configure sudo
2011/04/29 |
| Configure sudo to separate users' duty if some people share privileges. |
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| [1] | Install sudo |
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root@dlp:~# aptitude -y install sudo |
| [2] | Transfer root privilege to a user all. |
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root@dlp:~# # add at the last: user 'narwhal' can use all root privilege
narwhal ALL=(ALL) ALL
# how to write ⇒ destination host=(owner) command # push 'Ctrl + x' key to quit visudo # make sure with user 'narwhal' narwhal@dlp:~$ /sbin/shutdown -r now shutdown: you must be root to do that! # denied normally narwhal@dlp:~$ [sudo] password for narwhal: # narwhal's password narwhal@dlp:~$ Broadcast message from root@dlp (pts/0) (Sun Mar 6 02:45:10 2011): The system is going down for reboot NOW! # executed
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| [2] | In addition to the setting [1], set that some commands are not allowed. |
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root@dlp:~# # add alias for the kind of shutdown commands # Cmnd alias specification Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = /sbin/halt, /sbin/shutdown, \ /sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/init # add ( commands in alias 'SHUTDOWN' are not allowed ) narwhal ALL=(ALL) ALL, !SHUTDOWN # make sure with user 'narwhal' narwhal@dlp:~$ [sudo] password for narwhal: Sorry, user narwhal is not allowed to execute '/sbin/shutdown -r now' as root on dlp.srv.world. # denied
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| [3] | Transfer some commands with root privilege to users in a group. |
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root@dlp:~# # add aliase for the kind of user management comamnds # Cmnd alias specification Cmnd_Alias USERMGR = /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \ /usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd # add at the last %usermgr ALL=(ALL) USERMGR root@dlp:~# groupadd usermgr root@dlp:~# vi /etc/group # add a user in this group usermgr:x:1002: narwhal # make sure with user 'narwhal' narwhal@dlp:~$ narwhal@dlp:~$ # done normally narwhal@dlp:~$ Enter new UNIX password: # set testuser's password Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully |
| [4] | Transfer a command with root privilege to a user. |
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root@dlp:~# # add at the last
fedora ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/visudo cent ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \ /usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd suse ALL=(ALL) /usr/bin/vim # make sure with user 'fedora' fedora@dlp:~$ # possible to open and edit ## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as ## the root user, without needing the root password. ## # make sure with user 'cent' cent@dlp:~$ cent@dlp:~$ # done normally # make sure with user 'suse' suse@dlp:~$ # possible to open and edit # ~/.profile: executed by Bourne-compatible login shells. |
| [5] | The logs for sudo are kept in '/var/log/secure', but there are many kind of logs in it. So if you'd like to keep only sudo's log in a file, Set like follows. |
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root@dlp:~# # add at the last Defaults syslog=local1 root@dlp:~# vi /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf # line 8: add local1.* /var/log/sudo.log auth,authpriv.* /var/log/auth.log *.*;auth,authpriv.none -/var/log/syslog root@dlp:~# service rsyslog restart rsyslog start/running, process 1354 |